Avul Pakir Jainulabdeen Abdul Kalam

Born:October 15, 1931,Rameswaram Taluk,Tamil Nadu,India.
Studied: He spent hours on his studies, especiallyMathematics. After completing his education at the Schwartz Higher Secondary School, Ramanathapuram, Kalam went on to attend Saint Joseph's College, Tiruchirappalli, then affiliated with the University of Madras, from where he graduated in physics in 1954.
INVENTIONS

1.ADE GEM-1 Hovercraft:-

The ADE GEM-1 Hovercraft, christened Nandi, India's maiden attempt at such development by Dr. APJ Abdul kalam and team.it is a indigenous hovercraft as a Ground Equipment Machine [GEM].it was the beginning of the indigenous development of India's Defence equipments.

2.Pokhran-II:-

The Pokhran-II tests were a series of five nuclear bomb test explosions conducted by India at the Indian Army's Pokhran Test Range in May 1998.It was the second instance of nuclear testing conducted by India; the first test, code-named Smiling Buddha, was conducted in May 1974. The tests achieved their main objective of giving India the capability to build fission and thermonuclear weapons with yields up to 200 kilotons.

3.Indigenous guided missiles:-

Abdul Kalam is known as the Missile Man of India for his contribution to helping India develop the Prithvi and Agni missiles. Both these were indigenous guided missiles

4.Kalam-Raju Stent:-

Kalam and Raju used the state of the art defence technology to design what was later known as “Kalam-Raju stent”. The specially designed coil and metal based tube was priced at Rs 7,000, way cheaper than the commonly used tube which is available for Rs 30,000.

5.Kalam-Raju Tablet:-

The duo of Kalam and Soma Raju in 2012 designed a rugged tablet computer for better health care administration in the rural and less reachable areas.They termed it as ‘Kalam-Raju Tablet.

6.Lightweight calipers:-

Although India has indeed been proclaimed polio free by the World Health Organization, Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam and his colleagues put a lot of effort in 1995 and 1996 to create orthosis callipers which carried about one-tenth of the mass of others on the marketplace. Such flooring response callipers improved motion and standing easier for individuals suffering from neurological difficulties, allowing children to stroll relatively easily and flexibly with hardly any assistance.

Death: July 27,2015 at Shillong ,Meghalaya. Buried at Rameshwaram,Tamil Nadu,India.

Awards:- Padma Vibhushan,Bharat Ratna.